How well do you know mitosis?
Mitosis is a fundamental process that allows cells to divide and create identical copies of themselves. It plays a crucial role in growth, repair, and maintenance in multicellular organisms. Without mitosis, living organisms wouldn’t be able to replace damaged cells or develop properly.
The 5 Stages of Mitosis
Prophase – The chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope starts to break down. The mitotic spindle, made of microtubules, begins to form. Centrosomes move to opposite poles.
Metaphase – Prometaphase introduces kinetochores where centromeres attach to microtubules. Chromosomes line up along the center of the cell (the metaphase plate), attached to the spindle fibers. This ensures equal division of genetic material.
THINK: “metaphase” lines up chromosomes along the “middle” of the cell
Anaphase – The sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell, making sure each new cell gets the same DNA.
Telophase – A new nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes begin to decondense.
Cytokinesis – The cytoplasm divides, resulting in two identical daughter cells.
Why Is Mitosis Important?
Growth – Mitosis helps organisms grow by increasing the number of cells.
Repair – It replaces damaged or dead cells, such as skin healing after a cut.
Asexual Reproduction – Some organisms, like bacteria and plants, use mitosis to reproduce without needing a partner.
Mitosis ensures that each new cell receives the exact same genetic material as the original, keeping the body's functions running smoothly. It's an incredible process that keeps life going, one cell at a time! 🧬✨
